Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is a group of inherited, progressive retinal disorders that cause gradual degeneration of the retina, particularly the light-sensitive cells known as photoreceptors. Over time, this leads to vision loss, primarily affecting night vision and peripheral vision in the early stages.
This condition is characterized by the progressive degeneration of both rod and cone photoreceptor cell in the retina, rod cells are responsible for vision in low light (night vision) cone cells are responsible for colour vision and sharpness of vision (central vision).
Is a common eye condition that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision, it primarily occurs in older adults.
Damage to the optic nerve, which transmits visual information from the eye to the brain. This condition can lead to vision loss or impairment. The cause of optic neuropathy is varied.
Also known as pathologic myopia is a degenerative condition that occurs in people with severe myopia (near sightedness).
Is genetic, progressive eye disorder that affect the cornea, these conditions cause the accumulation of abnormal material within the cornea, leading to clouding, vision loss and discomfort.
Commonly known as near sightedness, in which distant objects appear blurry, while close objects can be seen clearly.
Known as far sightedness, in which distant objects are seen more clearly than close ones.
Is a common refractive error, where the cornea or lens of the eye has an irregular shape, causing blurred or distorted vision.
Is an eye condition that occurs due to long – term damage to the blood vessels in the retina caused by high blood sugar level, it is a common complication of diabetes and a leading cause of vision impairment or blindness in adults. /p>
This condition occurs when one of the smaller veins or arteries in the retina becomes blocked, usually by a blood clot. This blockage causes blood and other fluids to leak into the retina, leading to swelling (edema) and reduction in oxygen supply to retinal cells, potentially affecting vision.
Is a serious eye condition that occurs when the central retinal artery or vein, which supplies blood to the retina, become blocked, usually by clot or embolus, cuts off the oxygen supply to the retina, leading to sudden and severe vision loss.
Is an eye disorder that primarily affects premature infants, ROP occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow in the retina, which can lead to scarring and retinal detachment, potentially causing vision impairment or blindness.
Is a condition where high blood pressure causes damage to the blood vessels in the retina. If left untreated can lead to vision problem and in severe cases vision loss.
Is inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye that consists of the iris, ciliary body, and choroid. It can affect one or both eyes and may involve other parts of the eye, uveitis is a potentially serious condition that can lead to complications such as glaucoma, cataracts, or permanent vision loss if not treated properly.
Is a rare, idiopathic (unknown cause) inflammatory condition that primarily affects the retinal blood vessels, leading to retinal vein occlusion, haemorrhages, and sometimes retinal detachment. The disease mainly affects young adults.
Optic neuritis is inflammation of the optic nerve, which transmits visual information from the eye to the brain. This condition can lead to sudden vision loss or blurred vision.
Is a progressive eye disorder in which the cornea (the clear, dome-shaped front surface of the eye) thins and begins to bulge outward into a cone shape. This irregular shape prevents light from being focused properly on the retina, leading to distorted and blurry vision. It usually affects both eyes but can progress.
Is an open sore or defect on the cornea, it is a serious condition that can lead to significant pain, vision impairment, and even permanent vision loss if left untreated. Corneal ulcers are often the result of infection, trauma.
Corneal edema refers to the accumulation of fluid within the cornea, leading to swelling and cloudiness. This condition can affect vision, Corneal edema can result from various causes, including trauma, disease, or surgical complications.
Corneal opacity refers to the scarring or clouding of the cornea. This cloudiness interferes with the passage of light into the eye, leading to impaired vision.
Ptosis is a medical condition drooping or sagging of the upper eyelid. This condition can affect one or both eyelids and can lead to visual impairment. Ptosis can be congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life.
Is a neurological condition characterized by involuntary spasms or contractions of the muscles around the eyelids, leading to frequent blinking or the temporary closure of the eyelids.
Is a common, usually painless lump that forms on the eyelid due to the blockage and swelling of an oil gland (meibomian gland) in the eyelid. Chalazion can occur in both the upper and lower eyelids and can develop over time.
Is an inflammation of the eyelid margins, often resulting in redness, irritation, and crusting at the base of the eyelashes. It is a common condition that can affect individuals of all ages and is often associated with other skin conditions.
Is a group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often due to increased intraocular pressure (IOP). It is one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness worldwide. Glaucoma typically develops slowly and may not present noticeable symptoms in its early stages, making regular eye examinations crucial for early detection.
Is a common condition characterized by insufficient lubrication and moisture in the eyes. This can lead to itching, burning sensation, redness and watering in eyes, potential damage to the eye surface.
Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS), also known as Digital Eye Strain, is a condition that results from prolonged use of digital devices like computers, smartphones, and tablets. The syndrome causes eye strain, dry eye, headache, and vision problems.
Is a condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. The fluid collects in cyst-like spaces, leading to swelling and potential vision loss, cystoid macular edema(CME) result from various other conditions like diabetic retinopathy.
Central Serous Retinopathy (CSR), also known as Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR), is an eye condition where fluid accumulates under the retina, causing a detachment of the retina and leading to blurred or distorted vision. The condition primarily affects the central vision (the macula) and is more common in young to middle-aged adults.
Squint, also known as Strabismus, is a condition where the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object. One eye may turn inward (esotropia), outward (exotropia), upward (hypertropia), or downward (hypotropia) while the other eye focuses correctly. This misalignment can affect vision and depth perception, and it may occur intermittently or constantly.
Is an eye condition that occurs due to long – term damage to the blood vessels in the retina caused by high blood sugar level, it is a common complication of diabetes and a leading cause of vision impairment or blindness in adults.
Diabetic Neuropathy is a type of nerve damage that occurs in people with diabetes, typically due to high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. It can affect nerves throughout the body, causing a variety of symptoms depending on the type of neuropathy and the nerves affected. Diabetic neuropathy can impact the peripheral nerves (those outside the brain and spinal cord), leading to pain, numbness, and weakness, primarily in the extremities.
Diabetic Foot Ulcer is an open sore or wound that commonly occurs on the bottom of the foot in people with diabetes. These ulcers can develop due to a combination of diabetic complications, including neuropathy (nerve damage) and peripheral vascular disease (poor blood circulation). Diabetic foot ulcers are a serious complication of diabetes and can lead to infection, gangrene, and in severe cases, amputation if left untreated.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. In MS, the immune system mistakenly attacks the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibres, causing inflammation and damage. This damage disrupts the normal flow of electrical impulses along the nerves, leading to a wide range of neurological symptoms. MS can vary widely in severity and progression among individuals, from mild symptoms to more disabling conditions.
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive neurological disorder that primarily affects movement control. It occurs when nerve cells in the brain, particularly in an area called the substantia nigra, begin to deteriorate and lose their ability to produce dopamine, a neurotransmitter essential for regulating movement and coordination. Parkinson's disease is most common in older adults, typically affecting people over the age of 60, though early-onset Parkinson's can occur.
Stroke is a medical emergency that occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted, depriving brain cells of oxygen and nutrients. Without immediate treatment, brain cells begin to die, leading to potential permanent damage or even death. Strokes can affect people of all ages, though the risk increases with age.